Notes on skin, ritual and formulation.

The skin barrier is the foundation of everything. A routine that supports it will outperform one that ignores it, regardless of how many actives it contains.

Vitamin C is one of the most studied antioxidants in skincare. It is also one of the most misunderstood. Here is what the evidence suggests about using it well.

A three-step routine used every day will produce better results than a twelve-step routine used twice a week. The evidence for consistency is stronger than the evidence for complexity.